The nonradiative transition costs Keep to the formulation WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), in which p is the amount of phonons matching the energy gap. The nonradiative transition charges of Er3+ show temperature dependence consistent with the multiphonon peace principle. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative peace rates is https://anatolc703mmn8.wikitelevisions.com/user