oud, stringed musical instrument outstanding in medieval and modern Islamic music. It is the guardian of the ecu lute. The oud has a deep pear-shaped physique, a fretless fingerboard, and a relatively shorter neck and considerably fewer acutely bent-again pegbox than the European lute. Alfonso X, “The Smart”, 1221-1284, https://moseleyx986amw7.empirewiki.com/user